Culture: Archaeological Parks, Sites & Museums
The history of this beautiful, fertile region can be traced back to Paleolithic times with many stone tools having been found dating from as long ago as 900 B.C. The earliest history that can be established is the presence of the Picentes a pre-Roman, unique civilisation who was present in the area from the iron age (1200 - 400 B.C.) up to the time when Roman domination became firmly established in the 1st century B.C.
The region boasts 7 Archaeological parks and 37 Archaeological sites to visit in Le Marche where you can discover history for yourself!
The Gilded Bronzes from Cartoceto of Pergola, Province of Pesaro & Urbino (Click here for map)
On June 26th,1946, two farmers who were digging in their own field in Santa Lucia di Calamello, Cartoceto, a hamlet of Pergola (Province of Pesaro and Urbino), found numerous fragments of gilded bronze, that were soon acquired by the local section of the Italian National Trust (Soprintendenza per i Beni archeologici delle Marche) and later reassembled by restorer by Bruno Bearzi in Florence. The long work took over ten years and in 1959 the guilded bronzes were exposed in the National Archaeological Museum of Ancona.
They are the only surviving Roman gilded bronze equestrian group. It originally consisted of at least two knights, out of which just one remains, and two standing women. The dimensions of the figures are slightly bigger than natural ones. It was most probably meant as a public monument and dates back to the first Century B.C. There are various hypothesis on who they represent, all referring to famous people. The group was displayed in that museum until 1972, when it underwent a second restoration work, again in Florence, till 1988. It brought to the addition of more fragments that had not been included before, thus reaching a total of 318.
At present, the gilded equestrian group is exhibited in a suitable museum at Pergola, but there is a legal controversy with the museum of Ancona, where the group is supposed to be displayed steadily. On the roof of this museum a copy of the gilded equestrian group is displayed, the way it should appear when it was brand new.
Please find below a guide to the Archaeological Parks, Sites & Museums across the five provinces of Le Marche:
Ascoli Piceno
Archaeological Park of Cupra Marittima
Roman Amphitheatre of Ascoli Piceno
Roman Necropolis in Montefiore dell'Aso
The State Archaeological Museum of Ascoli Piceno
Ancona
Archaeological Park of Sentinium
Archaeological Park of Castelleone di Suasa
National Archaeological Museum of Le Marche
Roman archaeological site “Domus Del Mito” in S. Angelo in Vado, province of Pesaro & Urbino (Click here for map)
The "Domus del Mito" is a Roman archaeological site located in Sant'Angelo in Vado, in the province of Pesaro Urbino. The Domus del Mito, also known as the "House of the Myth," is an important archaeological complex that includes the remains of a Roman villa and associated structures. It is believed to have been constructed during the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD and was likely a wealthy residence. The site has revealed well-preserved mosaic floors adorned with intricate designs and depictions of mythical scenes, which is why it is referred to as the "Domus del Mito." These mosaics provide insights into the artistic and cultural influences of the Roman period.
Visitors to the Domus del Mito can explore the archaeological remains, including the mosaic floors and the layout of the villa. The site may also offer informational displays, signage, or guided tours to enhance the visitor experience and provide historical context. The Domus del Mito is a fascinating archaeological site that showcases the Roman heritage of Sant'Angelo in Vado and provides a glimpse into the daily life and artistic expression of the period.
Forum Sempronii in Fossombrone, province of Pesaro & Urbino (Click here for map)
Forum Sempronii is in the province of Pesaro and Urbino, near the town of Fossombrone in the Marche region of Italy. Forum Sempronii, also known as Fossombrone, is an ancient Roman archaeological site that dates to the 2nd century BCE. The city was strategically situated along the Via Flaminia, an important Roman road that connected Rome to the Adriatic coast. Excavations at Forum Sempronii have revealed a variety of structures, including the remains of a forum (central square), temples, a theatre, a market, public baths, and residential buildings. These archaeological findings provide valuable insights into the urban planning, architecture, and daily life of a Roman city. The site of Forum Sempronii offers visitors the opportunity to explore the ancient ruins and learn about the history and culture of the area. The archaeological site is complemented by the Archaeological Museum of Fossombrone, which houses a collection of artifacts and exhibits related to the ancient city and the surrounding region. Visiting Forum Sempronii and the Archaeological Museum of Fossombrone is a rewarding experience for history enthusiasts and those interested in Roman history. It allows visitors to delve into the past and gain a deeper understanding of the ancient Roman civilization that once thrived in the region of Pesaro and Urbino.
Mosaic from a nearby villa, currently exhibited in Munich, Germany
Archaeological Park of Sentinium in Sassoferrato, province of Ancona (Click here for map)
The Archaeological Park of Sentinium (also known as Sentino or Sentinium) is an important historical site located near the town of Sassoferrato in the Marche region of Italy. It is an ancient Roman city that dates to the 3rd century BCE and played a significant role during the Roman Republic era. Sentinium was strategically located at the junction of several major Roman roads and served as a crucial hub connecting central and northern Italy. The city flourished economically and militarily and was known for its production of iron, pottery, and textiles. It was also a crucial military outpost during the Roman expansion and was involved in several significant battles. One of the most notable events in Sentinium history is the Battle of Sentinium in 295 BCE. This battle was fought between the Roman Republic and the coalition of the Samnites, Gauls, and Etruscans. The Roman army, led by the consul Quintus Fabius Maximus Rullianus, emerged victorious in this battle, which marked a turning point in Rome's struggle for dominance in central Italy. The Archaeological Park of Sentinium offers visitors a chance to explore the ancient remains of the city and learn about its history.
The park includes the remnants of the city walls, gates, roads, a theatre, thermal baths, and residential areas. The site provides a glimpse into the urban layout and architectural features of a Roman city. Visitors can also see the battlefield where the Battle of Sentinium took place. The park has informative signs and displays that provide historical context and explanations of the archaeological findings. Guided tours are available to enhance the visitor's experience and provide in-depth knowledge about the site. The Archaeological Park of Sentinium offers a unique opportunity to explore the rich history of the region and understand the importance of Sentinium during the Roman Republic era. It is a fascinating destination for history enthusiasts and those interested in ancient Roman civilization.
Archaeological Park of Castelleone di Suasa, province of Ancona (Click here for map)
The archaeological park of Castelleone is in the province of Ancona. Castelleone di Suasa is an important archaeological site that showcases the remains of an ancient Roman city. It was a flourishing settlement during the Roman period and offers visitors a chance to explore its well-preserved structures and artefacts archaeological park features a variety of interesting ruins, including a Roman theatre, an amphitheatre, a forum, a market area, and residential buildings. These structures provide insights into the urban layout and daily life of the ancient Roman city. Visitors to the park can take guided tours or explore the site independently, following the informational signage available. The park also houses a small museum where archaeological finds from the excavations are displayed, helping visitors to understand the historical and cultural significance of the site. Additionally, the park often houses temporary exhibitions and hosts cultural events related to archaeology, history, and the Roman period. These activities enhance the visitor experience and provide further opportunities to learn about the ancient city of Castelleone di Suasa. If you plan to visit the Archaeological Park of Castelleone di Suasa, it is advisable to check the park's opening hours, visitor information, and any specific regulations or guidelines in place beforehand to ensure a smooth and enjoyable visit.
Arch of Trajan in Ancona, province of Ancona (Click here for map)
The Arch of Trajan, also known as the Arch of Trajanus, is a notable ancient Roman monument located in Ancona, Italy. The arch was built in honour of the Roman Emperor Trajan and is considered one of the most important and well-preserved Roman arches in the country. Constructed in the 2nd century AD, the Arch of Trajan stands at the entrance of the ancient harbour of Ancona. It served as a monumental gateway to the city and commemorated Trajan's achievements, including the expansion of the harbour and improvements to the infrastructure. The arch features a central passageway flanked by two smaller pedestrian passages. It is adorned with various decorative elements, such as reliefs depicting scenes from Trajan's military campaigns and his public works. The reliefs showcase Trajan's victories, the port's construction, and the overall prosperity of the city.
Over the centuries, the Arch of Trajan has undergone restoration and conservation efforts to preserve its historical and architectural significance. Today, it stands as a prominent symbol of Ancona's ancient Roman heritage and attracts visitors interested in Roman history and architecture. When visiting the Arch of Trajan in Ancona, you can appreciate its grandeur and examine the intricate details of the reliefs. The arch is situated in a public area and can be accessed freely, allowing visitors to walk through and around the arch.
The National Archaeological Museum of the Marche Ancona, province of Ancona (Click here for map)
The National Archaeological Museum of the Marche (Museo Archeologico Nazionale delle Marche) is situated a short drive away in Ancona. It contains probably the most complete collection representing the prehistory of the region. If you are particularly interested in pre-Roman history this is the best destination for you. Palazzo Ferretti hosts the National Archaeological Museum which contains many relics dating back to the Palaeolithic and Iron Ages, as well as Greek sculptures and Roman mosaics and sculptures.
Veiled head of Emperor Augustus
Marble, early 1st Century CE
The Archaeological Park of Urbisaglia, province of Macerata (Click here for map)
Urbisaglia presents the visitor with a fascinating potted history of the Piceni region. It is situated in a dominant position, 310 metres above sea level, overlooking the Fiastra valley. It lies on the ancient Salt Way, which was a Roman thoroughfare running all the way from France down through Italy. The town has been of great significance throughout history since its Roman origins in the second century BC. The Roman town was destroyed by the Visigoths in 410, but it was rebuilt and reoccupied and it continued to be a strategically important military stronghold. In the 15th century the magnificent castle was erected on the ruins of the old Roman wall, to protect the town from rebellion in the region. The town was even significant during the Fascist era, as the site of an internment camp during the second world war. The Archaeological Park is probably the most important in the Le Marche region due to its historical and artistic treasures, as well as the impressive state of preservation of the site. It opened in 1994, and covers an area of about 40 acres.
It lies just outside the medieval city walls and extends all the way down the hill and to the flat river valley on the banks of the Fiastra river. The scale and topography of the ancient town is clearly visible from the top of the hill. Several hundred metres of the Roman wall are still extant. The underground reservoir, or cistern, and the water supply channels exist in remarkably perfect condition. There is also a beautifully restored huge amphitheatre, which was originally used for gladiatorial games, and is still used for a classical drama season each year in July and August. The sanctuary complex includes a temple to the goddess Salus Augusta, from whom the town probably got its name, and underground galleries covered in frescoes depicting scenes from the life of the emperor Augustus.
The museum on the site exhibits Roman artefacts found on the site, including statues, sculptures, amphoras and coins, as well as stone inscriptions and a mysterious ‘omphalos’ which is a large carved stone, which is thought to have been the focus point of religious ceremonies. There is also a very beautifully decorated ‘krater’ or Greek style vase. There is also an interesting war memorial which houses an exhibition of weapons, military uniforms and other mementos dating from the Papal States up to the First World War. Urbisaglia itself has been awarded the ‘Bandiera Arancione’ (the Orange Flag award) for the quality of services and accommodation, and also received a national award for improvements to its public parks and gardens.
Archaeological Park di Septempeda in San Severino, province of Macerata (Click here for map)
The Archaeological Park of Septempeda is in the province of Macerata, specifically in the town of San Severino Marche, in the Marche region of Italy. The park is named after the ancient Roman city of Septempeda, which was founded in the 3rd century BCE and served as an important urban centre during the Roman era. The archaeological site of Septempeda offers visitors a glimpse into the past, showcasing the remains of the ancient city. It is an open-air museum that allows you to explore the archaeological ruins and learn about the history and culture of the region. The park features various structures and artifacts that have been excavated over the years, including the remains of Roman villas, temples, and an amphitheatre. Visitors can walk through the ancient streets and imagine what life was like in this thriving Roman city.The site also offers guided tours and educational activities to enhance visitors' understanding of the history and archaeology of Septempeda. It provides a unique opportunity to delve into the rich Roman heritage of the area and discover the architectural marvels and cultural significance of this ancient city. If you plan to visit the Archaeological Park of Septempeda, it is advisable to check the park's opening hours and any specific regulations or guidelines in place for visitors.
Villa Potenza Helvia Recina, province of Macerata (Click here for map)
Villa Potenza Helvia Recina is an archaeological site located in the province of Macerata. . The site is situated near the modern-day town of Potenza Picena. Villa Potenza Helvia Recina was originally a Roman settlement known as Helvia Recina, founded during the 2nd century BC. It was an important centre in the region and played a significant role in trade and commerce. The settlement was strategically positioned along the Via Flaminia, an ancient Roman road that connected Rome to the Adriatic coast. The archaeological site of Villa Potenza Helvia Recina contains the remains of various structures, providing insights into the daily life and architecture of the Roman period. The most notable feature is the Roman theatre, which is one of the best-preserved examples of its kind in the region. The theatre could accommodate a large audience and was used for entertainment, including theatrical performances and other cultural events. In addition to the theatre, other excavated structures at Villa Potenza Helvia Recina include a forum, baths, and residential buildings. These structures offer glimpses into the layout and organization of a typical Roman settlement. The site is open to the public, and visitors can explore the archaeological remains, walk along the ancient streets, and get a sense of what life might have been like during the Roman era. Information panels and signage are available to provide historical context and explanations of the various structures. Villa Potenza Helvia Recina is a fascinating archaeological site that showcases the Roman heritage of the region. It offers visitors an opportunity to delve into the rich history of Le Marche and gain a deeper understanding of the Roman civilization's presence in the area.
The Roman Theatre of Falerone, province of Fermo (Click here for map)
Falerone symbolizes the key of comprehension of the real Marche. If you visit the old town you will see buildings dating back to the last four centuries, but if you go deeper with your investigation, then you will open a jewel box.
The Roman Falerio Piceno, was placed at a strategic junction of roads, one being the Salaria Gallica, which linked the famous road from Rome (near Asculum, now Ascoli Piceno) with the north of the present Marche, at Forum Sempronii, now Fossombrone. The dramatic events which paced its Medieval and Renaissance times, which are related also to national history (through the Medici and Borgia families, for instance) have not deleted its Roman witnesses. During the civil war (90 B.C.) here was fought a battle between a Roman army, guided by general Gnaeus Pompeius Strabo (often referred in English as Pompey Strabo, father to Pompey the Great) and the troops of the rebel Asculum, the latter prevailing.
The territory around the town is also known to be a colony, where allotments were given to Roman veterans and citizens to live there with their families.
A perfect example is the Roman theatre of Falerone, built in the 1st Century A.D., could host about 2000 people. It is very well preserved and in summer it is still used as a theatre! Two of its statues are now at the Louvre museum, Paris, other two in the local museum. A guided visit to it is a trip through time.
Cuma di Monte Rinaldo, Monte Rinaldo, province of Fermo (Click here for map)
This is a significant archaeological site situated in the Mount Rinaldo area of Le Marche, which consists of the remains of a sanctuary from the late republican period (the second to the first centuries B.C.) and a considerable number of other constructions from the Roman epoch.
The Hellenistic temple complex, which lies on the western slope of the hill, is one of the most significant in the region, and the architecture is Graeco-Roman. The site of the sanctuary lies between two water courses and a well, and includes some narrow channels and a series of basins inside the complex, all of which indicate that the site was the focus of a religious cult involving the use of water. A villa was constructed on the same site, and this was occupied right up to the end of the Late Imperial Roman era. The carved terracotta decorations from the temple are kept in the Civic Museum of Archaeology in Monte Rinaldo, consisting of mainly images of Hercules and the Potnia Theron (a female divinity, perhaps Artemis, traditionally depicted with two animals).
These are dated between the third and second centuries B.C. Some authorities claim that the earlier temple could have been dedicated to a female deity, Cupra, from the Piceno era, but this is, as yet, unconfirmed. It is more likely that the temple was associated with the curative properties of natural spas in the area, which were recognised in the Hellenistic era. The site is fascinating from an archaeological point of view, but also extremely beautiful, and this, coupled with its position lying between the Roman towns of Firmum, Asculum and Faleria, was probably the reason for the choice of location.
Roman Cisterns in Fermo, province of Fermo (Click here for map)
The Roman Cisterns in the province of Fermo, Le Marche, are an impressive underground complex that served as water storage during the Roman period. This archaeological site is in the town of Fermo, which itself has a rich history dating back to Roman times. The Roman Cisterns, known as "Cisterne Romane" in Italian, are a series of interconnected chambers built to collect and store water for various purposes, such as public use and supply to nearby buildings. These cisterns are located beneath the historic centre of Fermo and are believed to have been constructed during the 1st century AD. The cisterns showcase the advanced engineering and architectural skills of the ancient Romans. They are characterized by vaulted ceilings, arches, and columns, which supported the weight of the structure. The walls of the cisterns were lined with waterproof materials to prevent water leakage. Visitors can explore the Roman Cisterns through guided tours, allowing them to venture underground and observe the impressive architecture firsthand.
The atmospheric lighting enhances the ambiance, creating a unique and immersive experience. In addition to their historical significance, the Roman Cisterns of Fermo also serve as a venue for cultural events and exhibitions, adding to their appeal as a tourist attraction. It's important to note that visiting archaeological sites like the Roman Cisterns may require guided tours or prior arrangements. It is recommended to check with local tourism authorities or the official website of Fermo to obtain the most accurate and up-to-date information regarding visiting hours, ticketing, and any specific requirements for accessing the site.
15th Century Coffer attributed to school of Pietro Alemanno
The Archaeological Museum of Monterubbiano, province of Fermo (Click here for map)
Though quite a small museum, The Museo Civico Archeologico is a well-designed and educational museum, and the little town of Monterubbiano is a lovely place to visit in itself.
The museum exhibits finds from the Monterubbiano area and is divided into four rooms, where the more than 500 items from the Picene and Roman periods are displayed in chronological order.
There are also many Piceni Necropoli that you can visit in the region, for example at Settedolori, Rotondo, Bura, Benaducci e Sant'Egidio. The burial sites usually consist of a large circle of standing stones with at least one tomb in the middle. Many artefacts have been found inside the tombs, and some of them also have some kind if visual sign on the outside, either scratched in stone or in some cases even inscriptions and figurative scenes. The study of ancient burial sites has always been important for archaeologists in understanding the culture of the people concerned, and in the case of the Piceni this is also very true. These sites are of great interest, particularly in combination with a museum visit, and give you a real sense of the people themselves away from the confines of a modern museum.
Archaeological Park of Cupra Marittima, province of Ascoli Piceno (Click here for map)
Cupra Marittima was a large and thriving Piceni conurbation even before the Romans adopted it as a major centre for military purposes and trading.
There is an open air archaeological park (The Parco Archeologico in Cupra Marittima) and a large and fascinating museum which is bursting with beautiful finds from the city’s rich history. The museum is on the site of the ancient town of Cupra Marittima, in the village of Civita di Marano, which stands on a hill overlooking the sea where the mediaeval village was situated.
Many echoes of the Middle Ages can still be seen today in its narrow streets and characteristic buildings. This is well worth a visit!
Website: www.piceni.tv
Click here for a Virtual Tour of Cupra Marittima
(Please look at third thumbnail from the top, on the left)
Roman Amphitheatre in Ascoli Piceno (Click here for map)
Ascoli Piceno, a city located in the Marche region of Italy, is home to a well-preserved Roman amphitheatre known as the "Amphitheatre of Ascoli Piceno." The amphitheatre, dating back to the 1st century AD, is an important archaeological site in the city. The Amphitheatre of Ascoli Piceno was built during the Roman period and served as a venue for various forms of entertainment, including gladiatorial contests, animal hunts, and other spectacles. It could accommodate a large audience, and its elliptical shape followed the typical design of Roman amphitheatres. Today, the remains of the amphitheatre are visible in the Piazza Arringo area of Ascoli Piceno. While the structure is partially underground and incorporated into the surrounding buildings, the elliptical shape and some of the original architectural elements, such as sections of the outer wall and seating areas, can still be observed. The site has undergone archaeological excavations and preservation efforts over the years to showcase the historical and cultural significance of the amphitheatre. It serves as a reminder of the ancient Roman presence in the city and offers visitors the opportunity to explore and learn about the Roman era in Ascoli Piceno. When visiting the Amphitheatre of Ascoli Piceno, you can expect to see informative signage, displays, and possibly archaeological artifacts on exhibit. It's recommended to check with local tourism authorities or visit the official website for the most up-to-date information on accessibility, visiting hours, and any specific guidelines for exploring the site. The Roman Amphitheatre of Ascoli Piceno provides a fascinating glimpse into the ancient Roman civilization and serves as a testament to the rich history of the region.
Roman necropolis in Montefiore dell'Aso, province of Ascoli Piceno (Click here for map)
Montefiore dell'Aso, located in the province of Ascoli Piceno and is known for its archaeological site that includes a Roman necropolis. The Roman necropolis in Montefiore dell'Aso provides insights into the funerary practices and customs of the Roman period. The necropolis is believed to date back to the 1st century AD and is located on the outskirts of the modern town. It consists of a series of burial chambers, tombs, and mausoleums where the ancient inhabitants of the area were laid to rest. Excavations at the site have revealed various types of tombs, including both simple and more elaborate structures. Some tombs feature inscriptions, reliefs, or decorative elements that provide valuable information about the individuals buried there and their social status. The Roman necropolis in Montefiore dell'Aso offers visitors a chance to explore the ancient burial site and gain a deeper understanding of Roman funerary customs and practices. It is a testament to the rich history and cultural heritage of the region. Exploring the necropolis allows visitors to connect with the past and appreciate the legacy of the ancient Romans in Montefiore dell'Aso
When planning a visit to the Roman necropolis in Montefiore dell'Aso, it is advisable to check with local tourism authorities or the site's official website, if available, for up-to-date information on accessibility, visiting hours, and any specific guidelines or restrictions in place.
The State Archaeological Museum of Ascoli Piceno, province of Ascoli Piceno
(Click here for map)
The State Archaeological Museum of Ascoli Piceno (Museo Archeologico Statale di Ascoli Piceno) is housed in the beautiful 16th century Palazzo Panichi , and boasts more than 15,000 items on view. The focus is mainly on the Piceni civilisation in the region from about 1,000 B.C. and through their gradual Romanisation after the third century.
There are even some interesting artefacts from Egypt and beyond, testifying to the power and extent of the Roman Empire. There is also a very interesting display dedicated to the complex religious life of the Romans.